There are no trifles in the house.Each of its parts has its own functional significance. There are several of them at the door - they provide a comfortable temperature regime in the interior, create effective sound insulation, and prevent uninvited guests.
Types of doors.Therefore, a demanding homeowner always thinks about the quality of this interior element, turning to specialists for help. But there is an alternative, because modern materials, tools and technologies allow you to make doors with your own hands. Thus, there is a reason to analyze the methods and features of making wooden and metal doors and the order of their installation.
Materials and tools required for work
To make a wooden door with your own hands, you will need the following materials and tools:
Tools for making doors.
- edged boards;
- sheets of fiberboard;
- hacksaw;
- Screwdriver;
- a hammer;
- chisel (hand mill);
- clamp;
- Measuring tape (ruler);
- abrasive sandpaper;
- self-tapping screws;
- glue on a tree;
- built-in or hinged mechanism (for sliding doors).
The following tools and blanks will help you make a high-quality metal door:
- metal corners;
- steel sheet (thickness - 1.5-2 mm);
- a set of accessories (a handle, a lock, a set of loops);
- electric drill;
- Bulgarian with discs for metal;
- welding machine;
- welding table;
- a set of fasteners for mounting the metal door;
- mounting foam;
- upholstery material (boards, plywood sheets, veneer) to which the door will be sheathed after installation.
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Production of wooden swing doors
Drawing of a double-leaf swing door.Having prepared the boards for work (width - 15 cm, thickness - 2.5 cm), a fiberboard panel and wood glue, measure the internal dimensions of the opening for the door frame. If there is a threshold in the opening, the wooden blank for the frame is made approximately 4 mm smaller than the opening horizontally and the same amount vertically - 2 mm on each side. If there is no threshold, then a gap of approximately 1 cm should be left at the bottom. To make the door frame, it is necessary to cut 2 boards in height and 3 in width. Their dimensions should correspond to the dimensions of the planned door. Having sanded the fiberboard sheet a little, lay it on the floor for ease of work. In this case, it should lie with the future front side of the door down. Along the perimeter of the fiberboard sheet, lay out the frame of the door base - 2 boards in height and 2 in width. The angles between the boards should form exactly 90°. After this, you should designate where the top and bottom of the door leaf will be. This must be done to determine the location of the fittings. The third horizontal crossbar (middle) is placed in the place fixed in this way. Then you can fasten the parts of the future leaf. To do this, mark the points for the holes into which the connecting wooden tenons will be inserted later. All blanks - fiberboard and boards - are lubricated with wood glue and put together in their places according to the marked holes. Tenons, thickly lubricated with glue, are driven into the holes. The fiberboard panel is additionally fastened to the vertical and horizontal boards of the frame using self-tapping screws.
Elements of a swing door.Even before the gluing stage, a second panel of fiberboard identical in size to the first must be cut out. Using glue, it is attached to the frame from the side opposite the first panel. In order for the gluing process to be faster and more effective, the elements to be glued must be pressed well against each other. A traditional clamp is used for this purpose. If there is no clamp, the fiberboard panels and boards can be pressed against each other with some kind of weight. The resulting canvas must dry for 3 days. Only after the glue has completely dried can the door be decorated. Return to contents</a>
Door by hand: making a sliding version
Before you tackle sliding doors,it is necessary to buy a door leaf sliding mechanism in a specialized store. The specified mechanism can be either suspended or built-in. The guides that are included with the sliding mechanism can be of different lengths - depending on the dimensions of the main product. It is worth noting that a completely ordinary door leaf can also be equipped with a sliding device. In this case, the length of the specified mechanism should be 2-3 cm longer than the width of the doorway.
Scheme of a sliding door with a roller mechanism.If the worker decides to use a built-in mechanism when making a sliding version, he will have to take into account the fact that this unit, recessed inside the door leaf, will be invisible during operation. It is believed that this type of mechanization for opening/closing the entrance is more difficult to manufacture and adjust than the overhead type, since it requires precise and accurate making of recesses for technological grooves. Therefore, despite the additional financial costs, the customer is advised to think carefully whether it would be better to contact a carpenter to perform this type of work. Return to the table of contents</a>
Installation of wooden doors in the wall opening
The process of installing a door with your own handscontinues with the installation of the door unit in the wall opening. This stage is started after the lock and hanging hinges have been cut in. It is best to make recesses for the hinges using a special hand router. This will achieve excellent precision in the dimensions of the recesses. Using a router, you can ensure that there are no gaps that should not be on the finished product between the surface of the door end and the edges of the hinges. When calculating the location of the hinges, technologically justified distances should be adhered to. In particular, it is recommended to measure 20 cm from the edges of the hinges to the upper and lower cuts of the door leaf. In accordance with the dimensions of the hinges, recesses are made in these places. Then the hinges are inserted into them, which are securely attached to the leaf with self-tapping screws. In the same way, recesses for the hinges are cut on the door frame.
Sectional view of door frame installation.Using a hand cutter or a special milling attachment for a drill designed for drilling standard holes, preparatory work is carried out to install a lock or handles on the door. This operation is easy to do yourself, since today sets of door locks and handles often come with instructions for their installation. But in any case, it should be remembered that the door handle or lock is usually cut in at a height of 1 m from the floor. Then you need to move on to making the door frame. It is, as a rule, a prefabricated structure of three wooden bars used as posts and an upper crossbar. It should be assembled on a flat horizontal plane. The bars are fastened together with self-tapping screws. First, when assembling the structure, the ends of the bars are sawed at an angle of 45 °. In this case, the length of the crossbar and the threshold along the rebate should be equal to the width of the door leaf, to which another 0.6 cm is added. At the same time, the size of the vertical posts should be the sum of the height of the leaf and an additional 1-1.5 cm. The process of actually installing the door with your own hands begins with drilling 2 holes on each side of the opening. In this case, the diameter of the holes for the anchors in the ends of the wall should be 2.5 mm, and the diameter of the holes in the posts and the horizontal crossbar of the frame - 4.5 mm. After this, the assembled frame is inserted into the opening and, using a fastener of the appropriate diameter, is tightly screwed to the wall.
Marking the door frame for hinges.When fixing the frame, the strict verticality and horizontality of the bars is controlled using a building level. To prevent the bars from warping during installation (screwing to the wall), wooden spacers are inserted between them and the ends of the wall. At the same time, the door frame is braced from the inside. The installation of the door block is completed by hanging the finished door leaf and carefully adjusting it. If this is not done, the door may become skewed and it will not be able to function normally. Return to contents</a>
How to make a door from metal?
Manufacturing of entrance metal doorbegins with taking measurements of the existing doorway and drawing up a corresponding drawing. Only after this will it become clear how much and what kind of material should be prepared. The basis of the door frame for metal doors will be corners measuring 50x25 mm and 40x20 mm. They are cut according to the drawing. Then the blanks are placed on the welding table and all the corners are checked. If the corners and diagonals correspond to the design indicators, the corners are welded. After this, having taken the dimensions from the resulting door frame, the dimensions of the metal panel itself are determined. These dimensions should take into account gaps of 5-10 mm on each side. The basis for making the door will be corners measuring 40x25 mm. They are cut in accordance with the established dimensions for the frame and door panel. After checking their parallelism in relation to each other, the remaining cross profiles are welded to the frame.
Scheme of a metal door.Then, a metal sheet is placed on the previously welded frame. It should be wider than the frame - 1.5 cm on the side of the lock and 1 cm on the other three sides. A loop part is welded to the back of the sheet, and only after that the assembled structure is welded into one piece along the entire perimeter. The manufacture of the metal panel is completed by installing the lock and handles. At the next stage, with the help of another assistant, it is necessary to install the door frame in the wall opening. The strictly vertical and horizontal position of the racks and crossbars of the frame is determined with a building level. In this position, the frame is fixed in the opening with anchors. The remaining gaps between the frame and the ends of the opening are foamed. The door is hung on the hinges welded to the racks. Upon completion of the installation work, you can begin decorative finishing of the door leaf. Its features completely depend on the aesthetic tastes and financial capabilities of the customer. Return to contents</a>
Some things to consider when making doors
To make a door with your own handshigh quality, it is recommended to take only high-quality components. In particular, the boards should be well dried, have no signs of deformation. The fiberboard sheet should be selected only of the highest quality and at the same time ensure that there are no scratches, chips or chips on it. When installing the door, it is advisable to provide for the placement of a small special stop (buffer) on the floor. With its help, you can avoid damage to the door, which is possible when hitting the wall. For fastening door hinges, it is better to use black hardened self-tapping screws, and not their colored counterparts. If small scratches are formed on the surface of the door during installation, they are cleaned with fine sandpaper, polished with varnish and rubbed with a rag until the defects disappear. Thus, following all the above recommendations, you can independently make a door that will become both reliable protection and a real decoration of the house.</ ul>
