Among all finishing materials, decorativefinishing takes one of the leading places, since application is a fairly simple task, after which you can get an impressive wall surface.
Scheme of application of decorative plaster onwall. In its structure, this material is a paste-like mass that has various methods of application to walls or ceilings. It has found its application as a base or as an independent finish. But in order to understand the principles of application, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the advantages and methods of laying, consider the main methods of applying decorative plaster.
Structural plaster: features
This species has a heterogeneous granular composition,which includes additives in the form of granules or fine-grained stones, as well as quartz pieces. This finish is made on a cement-lime base from a special synthetic latex. It is also diluted with water or organic solvents.
Tools for applying decorativeplasters. For plastering inside a building, the most suitable option is water-based mixtures. They do not contain any foreign impurities with a smell, which means that when finishing an apartment, you will not need to evacuate all the residents. The main advantage of structural plaster is its plasticity, which makes it very easy to work with. The work is simplified by the fact that the solutions are already sold ready-made and do not require special preparation before use. It is sold in iron containers or buckets weighing 15-25 kg. Return to contents</a>
Structural decorative plastering
Before you start applying the mixture,preparatory activities are carried out. It is not important to achieve evenness, since the composition allows you to hide small defects. A clean and dried surface is mandatory. After cleaning, the work area is strengthened with a primer. It is necessary to create an intermediate layer that performs a protective function and prevents moisture from getting in, thereby protecting the walls and the laid mixture from moisture. The plaster can be applied after the primer layer has completely dried. The solution must be applied with a trowel or a wide spatula. It is laid in one layer, while making circular or straight movements. The ridges protruding from under the spatula form a pattern. The texture of the pattern depends on the laying methods and additives in the mixture. Structural decorative plaster sets and gains strength after 3 hours, and complete hardening occurs in almost a week. After this, the coating must be sanded, and the dust removed with a damp cloth or sponge. A similar mixture and application method are used for plastering from mineral, latex or silicate solutions.
Scheme of application of decorative plasterwith the help of a spray gun. Such decorative plaster is considered durable, it is not subject to mechanical damage and moisture, has an aesthetic appearance and is made of safe components. In this regard, it is in great demand for finishing both inside and outside. The texture of the pattern will depend on the size of the grains. To give the walls a sandy effect, grains with a fraction of about 0.3 mm are used, and to create a rough stone - a grain of 1.5 mm. The most popular "bark beetle" is achieved with a grain of 2.0 mm. When using a fraction of 3 mm, the walls acquire the appearance of the bark of a centuries-old tree. Return to the table of contents</a>
Structural plastering
The original color of such plaster is white. You can give the coating various shades in several ways:
To give the surface different shadesapply the color and rub it with a rubber sponge, and if you want to create scuff marks, then go over it with a damp foam sponge. After the color has dried, the walls are treated with wax. Return to contents</a>
Textured decorative plaster
Types of decorative plaster:smooth, textured, relief. Using textured finishing, you can make a surface with an extraordinary relief texture. If you compare structural and textured plaster, the difference between them is conditional, but there is one factor that adds complexity to the pattern, the components of the composition and the tools used. By making textured plaster, you can give it a look that imitates wood, crumpled paper, hewn or chopped stone, natural wood. Such a coating gives the surface originality and style. The advantage of such plaster is that you can choose the methods of laying for any interior and design solutions. This helps to give it a finished and harmonious look. The composition of the textured mixture includes lime flour. And special qualities depend on additives consisting of granite or marble chips, as well as various fibers. The basis can be polymer compositions that give the surface a more relief texture and do not crack when drying. Return to the table of contents</a>
Technological process of application
Unlike other plasters, it is texturedThe finish does not require special preparation of the base, since its relief hides defects on the walls where the material is laid. In this regard, the following preparatory work is carried out:
Before laying the textured composition,test on a small piece of wall to select the appropriate consistency of the composition. If the composition is prepared according to the technology, it should not be liquid and flow from the surface, but the thickness is also not welcome. To apply the solution and create texture, you will need (any application methods require tools):
Methods of applying plaster.
- a set of putty knives;
- iron trouser made of metal;
- large-pored sponge;
- an unnecessary solution tank;
- bucket with water.
Help is needed when doing textured finishingpartner: one applies the solution, the other needs to quickly form the decorative texture. The mixture should be applied with a spatula in an even layer, the thickness of which should be about 2-3 mm, and for a coarse-grained composition it should be equal to the cross-section of the grain. Return to the table of contents</a>
Creating Billing Documentation: Recommendations
Creating texture is considered creative work,since the appearance depends on the manifestation of imagination and on the method of applying the texture. The simplest method of creating texture is to use a sponge when working. In this case, the sponge is pressed into the composition and rotated. This is done until there is no free smooth space left on the finished surface. And so that the plaster solution does not stick to the sponge, it is moistened with a soap solution. To create a wave-like pattern, notches are made on the freshly applied plaster, which are moistened with water. Then, decorative plaster is arranged in strips on top of the notches, and the surface is smoothed with a spatula. A pattern with grooves is made with a special grater made of wood or metal, which has a serrated edge. The pattern depends on the configuration of the grater and the angle of inclination. In addition to the listed methods of applying this plaster, you can use splashing or sketching methods on the walls. By throwing the solution in a thin layer on the wall and smoothing it with a wet spatula, the "travertine" texture is created. If you lay the mortar in the form of bumps and lumps and do not smooth them out, you get a surface called a "fur coat". Return to contents</a>
Venetian Decorative Decoration
To apply Venetian paint, walls with defects are not recommended.are suitable, since the surface will be uneven and all the flaws will be visible. Before applying it, the walls must be perfectly dry, smooth and without a single crack. The primer with quartz additives must be diluted with water and mixed well. After that, the walls are primed with this composition. Next, the plaster is prepared by diluting it with water according to the recipe suggested by the manufacturer. If desired, color can be added to the plaster. Venetian plaster is laid in 3 layers. First, the base is laid, which must be even and smooth. When arranging the next layer, it is necessary to give it gloss. In this case, the layer is applied in strokes, since the second and third layers are used for finishing. The more randomly the mixture is laid, the more interesting the texture will be. After application, the surface is smoothed with a trowel. To do this, it is necessary that the tool is always clean. For this, you need a container of water. When forming the third layer, two shades are used. You should get a marble effect with beautiful veins. The surface should dry completely in a day, everything depends on the temperature and humidity. If after drying there are any defects in some places, they can simply be sanded. The final stage is the finishing coat - wax coating, since only thanks to it the Venetian finish acquires gloss and depth.
