With the help of and ceilings everyone can changevisual perception of the room. Thanks to a wide selection of tools and materials, anyone can cope with this simple job. Painting walls and ceilings does not require the performer to have any special professional knowledge or skills. The main thing is to learn how to choose materials and get acquainted with the technology of applying paint.
Ceiling painting scheme.
Choosing paint for walls and ceilings
No matter what material the walls are finished with,ceilings (plaster, wallpaper, plasterboard or wood), you can always choose a paint that will give the walls a beautiful and bright look. Painting paints have different compositions and properties. Therefore, in order to choose the right paint, you need to consider what types of this material there are. When buying paint, first of all, you need to make sure that it is suitable for covering the walls. Return to the table of contents</a>Types of painting paints
Painting paints are divided into the following types:oil, enamel, acrylic, water-dispersion, latex and others. Water-dispersion paint is the most affordable. This paint is also called water-emulsion or water-soluble. It got its name because water acts as the main solvent in it. Water-emulsion paint can only be used in dry rooms. After application, it dries very quickly, without a sharp unpleasant odor. Its main advantage is that its structure does not absorb dirt well, so it is easy to clean off the painted surface. Depending on the binder included in the paint, water-emulsion paints are divided into 3 types: latex, acrylic and water-soluble based on PVA. The latter are considered the cheapest, they have poor resistance to abrasion and moisture. Most often, this paint is used to paint the ceiling. The peculiarity of this paint is that when adding pigment, you can only get light shades of paint. Color selection is impossible on a computer, so the amount of pigment is determined manually. This paint cannot be used to paint walls and ceilings in the bathroom. Acrylic paints have become popular due to the fact that they can be used to paint almost any walls and ceilings. A surface painted with acrylic paint is not afraid of wet cleaning.
Advantages of water-based paintare: no unpleasant odor and quick drying. Compared to the previous type, acrylic paint has a wider choice of colors. There are types of this material that are specially designed for painting ceilings, for surfaces where soot accumulates, for bathrooms, etc. The surface painted with this paint looks matte. Latex paints have a number of advantages over the above types - they are resistant to moisture, more durable, they can be applied to the surface in a thin layer (this is a very important property when painting a surface pasted over with wallpaper). Depending on what degree of gloss you need to get, manufacturers produce several types of latex paints. In addition to choosing the color of the paint, you need to pay attention to how safe this or that material will be for human health, because it will be used in a residential area. Paints that do not contain harmful components are considered environmentally friendly. They do not emit harmful fumes and do not cause allergies. Silicone paints contain emulsified silicone resins. They have appeared on the market relatively recently, but have quickly become widespread. Silicone paints are very resistant to moisture and steam, and are successfully used in painting facades. Oil paints contain artificial and natural oils and pigments. They have a long service life. The surface painted with oil paint is easy to clean. Among the disadvantages are a long drying time, a specific smell, and peeling when exposed to moisture. Decorative paints are used if there is a need to imitate a material: wood, stone, silk, gold, etc. Decorative paints can be water-based or contain polymer and mineral additives. Return to contents</a>
Preparation of walls and ceilings for painting
Preparation of painted surfaces:a - regular; b - washable; 1 - sponge with hot water; 2 - wide spatula; 3 - perforations; 4 - garden sprayer; 5 - wallpaper scraps. In fact, painting the walls does not take as much time as preparing for this work. Preparing the walls and ceilings for painting can ensure quick completion of the work and high quality of the painted walls. First of all, the condition of the walls is checked. To do this, take pieces of self-adhesive masking tape and stick them to different parts of the wall. After a few seconds, they are removed with a sharp movement. If paint has stuck to the tape, it means that the adhesion of the old coating to the wall is poor. In this case, it is better to completely clean the walls. If there are only 2-3 layers of paint on the walls, then it is not necessary to remove them before painting. The surface of the walls must be thoroughly cleaned of all dirt (grease, dust, etc.). The walls can be cleaned with a sponge soaked in hot water with the addition of detergent. After the surface has dried, all holes and cracks should be sealed. If the plaster does not adhere well, then it is removed, the area is cleaned and leveled with a new layer of putty. Stains from nicotine, soot or grease are removed with soap. After the surface of the walls has completely dried, it must be sanded with sandpaper and dust removed with a clean brush. Before painting, the walls are primed. This procedure reduces the absorbency of the wall, levels the surface, which ensures good adhesion of the paint and the wall. In addition, it also saves paint consumption. Return to the table of contents</a>
Tools for painting walls and ceilings
Tools for painting the ceiling: roller, brushes and stepladder.
Brushes should be selected based on the type of paint.The shape and width of the handle are very important. The brush and roller handle should fit comfortably in your hand. You can buy a brush that can be shaped depending on your needs. Such a device is very convenient when painting hard-to-reach places. The brush should be used where it is not possible to paint the surface with a roller (corners between walls, door frames, stucco, etc.). It is most convenient to work with a flat brush 3 to 7 cm wide. Rollers for painting walls can be purchased separately, or in a set with holders and rollers of different widths. Paint trays also come in different sizes. It is best to use a roller about 20-30 cm wide. The length of the roller pile is selected based on the relief of the wall. For smooth walls, it is better to choose a roller with medium pile, and for relief walls - a roller with long pile.
Scheme of painting a wall with a roller.To paint the walls, you must buy masking tape. It is used to protect adjacent surfaces from being painted (ceiling, floor, walls painted in a different color, tiles, etc.). The tape is easy to stick and remove after painting, leaving no unnecessary marks. Always have a damp cloth on hand, which will come in handy if you need to urgently remove paint that has gotten on an unwanted surface. The walls are also wiped with a damp cloth before painting. To paint the ceiling and walls, you need a stepladder. If you don’t have one, you can adapt an old table for work or buy a telescopic pole that will allow you to reach the ceiling while standing on the floor. If your finances allow, you can buy or rent a spray gun to paint the walls and ceilings. It will allow you to apply the paint more evenly and save time. Don’t forget about protective equipment. Work clothes must protect your hair and skin. When working with a spray gun, be sure to wear safety glasses and a respirator. Shoes should be comfortable for working on a stepladder. Return to Contents</a>
Technology of painting walls and ceilings
After all the preparatory work has been completed, you can begin painting the walls and ceiling. The paint is diluted to the required thickness according to the instructions.
Scheme of painting the ceiling with a spray gun.Often, the manufacturer recommends adding a little water to the paint. If adding water and pigment is not necessary, then the paint is simply mixed. This can be done using a special mixer attachment for an electric drill. If you purchased additional pigment, do not rush to add it all at once. Add little by little, thoroughly mixing the paint after each time. Test the color on a small area of the wall or a sheet of drywall. Painting begins with lighter surfaces. All adjacent surfaces are protected with masking tape. First, take a brush and paint those places that will be difficult to paint with a roller. To start painting, dip the roller into a bucket of paint, and then roll it over a sheet of linoleum or hardboard. This will allow the paint to be evenly distributed over the entire surface of the roller. If you have a tray, pour a small amount of paint into it and wet the roller. The paint can be distributed directly in the tray. It is important to roll the roller with a little pressure (only in this way will the paint be evenly distributed).
Scheme of the device for whitewashing the ceiling by means ofspraying. If you start painting the walls before the paint is evenly distributed, there will be unpainted areas on the walls that will look like spots after drying. Therefore, before lifting the roller to the ceiling, you should definitely make sure that the paint is evenly distributed. Experienced craftsmen do this automatically. If you have never done such work, it is better to practice on a sheet of plasterboard or on a section of an unprepared wall. The paint must be applied evenly to the entire surface of the wall. To achieve this, you cannot drag out the process for a long time. Ideally, one layer of paint on a ceiling of 15-20 m² is applied in 20-25 minutes. Particular attention must be paid to ensuring that there are no gaps. For a painter who paints the ceiling, the entire surface acquires the same wet shade, and there is a feeling that the area is painted evenly. An inexperienced craftsman does not remember where he went over the roller once, and where several times. When looking at the ceiling at a right angle, it is difficult to see weakly painted areas, which will look like spots when dry. Therefore, experienced craftsmen periodically get off the stepladder, step aside and look at the surface from a different angle, immediately noticing poorly painted areas. A novice painter can be assisted by a person who will stand at the opposite wall and direct his actions, seeing all the poorly painted areas. After applying each layer of paint, the surface of the walls or ceiling must dry. It is better to apply the first layer in the afternoon, and the second - the next morning. If you do not let the paint dry completely and start applying the second layer, the first layer will rise and ruin the whole job. If you notice a stain when the first layer dries, under no circumstances should you try to paint it over with thicker paint. In extreme cases, you can apply a layer of thinner paint, but on the entire surface to be painted. Sometimes all the stains remain after painting. In this case, the work will have to be redone. This can be corrected by sanding the entire surface with a special grater or sandpaper. The entire surface must be cleaned, otherwise the stains will reappear after painting. Ceilings and walls are usually painted 2-3 times. This depends on the quality of the paint. After the first painting, the surface should be allowed to dry (the paint can will indicate how long it should be left to dry completely). Usually, if all the work is done correctly, two times are enough. Walls and ceilings should be painted during daylight hours. This is necessary so that all defects and stains that may appear during the work are better visible. The direction of shading should match the direction of the sun's rays (from the window into the room). Usually, the walls are painted first, and then the ceiling. Edgings, borders and other decorative elements are painted last.
