Is it possible to build a house today that wouldstood for 300 years and was independent of external sources? We found one located in the Moscow region "Passive houses" are now becoming very popular, they are found in the projects of many architectural bureaus and studios more and more often. Clients want to be able to exist autonomously in such buildings, to be independent from possible power outages or gas supply. So that they could live in them even in the event of the end of the world. And one of the projects created by the "Martynov and Gatilova Architectural Studio" attracted our attention. Martynov and Gatilova Architectural Studio The architects of the studio are graduates of the Moscow Architectural Institute. The bureau has existed for almost 10 years, and during this time, a friendly and well-coordinated team has managed to work on a wide range of projects: apartments, cottages and public facilities. "Martynov and Gatilova" undertakes work of any complexity and is ready to implement a full range of tasks - from creating a concept to author's supervision of construction. http://ammg.ru/ The customer set an ambitious but quite feasible goal — to make the house energy efficient, with a very long service life and operation. In this house project, which will be located in the most beautiful place of Sergiev Posad, both wishes were fully met — from the materials to the unusual insulation technology. The result of the work: heat loss is reduced by about half, and the design allows the house to remain cool in the summer and warm in the winter — even without air conditioning.
The house is designed in a modern style and representsa two-story building with a basement and an exit to the usable roof - from here there is a magnificent view of the Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius, which is the pearl of this area. The project provides for the use of natural materials, energy efficiency due to warm enclosing structures, minimizing the cost of operation, as well as the possibility of long-term autonomous existence in the event of natural or man-made disasters. Ekaterina Gatilova: - The house is emphatically modern, but at the same time brutal and not devoid of a certain solidity, which emphasizes, I would say, the eternity of the building. As the customers wanted, we tried to create a kind of "family nest". The bottom is in clinker, the top is imitation of a wooden beam. Cantilever beams seem to stretch the house horizontally. And to emphasize this, thin clinker Petersen Columba was chosen for the wall cladding.
The frame of the house is made of reinforced concrete,monolithic floors. The foundation is a classic 100 mm EPS insulation and slab foam glass in two layers of 110 mm. At the same time, the walls of the first floor are made of special blocks - the so-called warm ceramics with clinker brick cladding and backfill between the front and inner layers of insulation made of foam glass granules. The thickness here is 350 mm! This is one of the most environmentally friendly, energy-efficient and durable solutions for thermal protection. Vadim Martynov: - In a classic frame, mineral wool insulation is usually used, which can cake over time and, as a result, its properties deteriorate sharply. In addition, when water gets in, it loses its properties forever. And foam glass is devoid of these disadvantages. And what is very important - complete vapor permeability, unlike EPS, which allows the house to "breathe", creating a favorable microclimate!
The second floor is made of wood and built according toframe technology. Inside, the following order of installation was chosen: imitation of a 40 mm beam, lathing from a beam with a 50 mm ventilation gap, 50 mm counter-beam, 25 mm Isoplaat windproof board, 50 x 150 mm frame posts filled with granulated foam glass, 12 mm OSB board, lathing from a 50 x 50 mm beam with a 10 mm moisture-resistant plywood overlay filled with 60 mm slab foam glass, vapor barrier with an Isospaan 25 mm board, 50 mm lathing and again imitation of a 40 mm beam. The protruding consoles of the terraces and balconies are left in concrete, with a finishing coating of microcement on all sides. Vadim Martynov: - This gives the complete illusion of concrete consoles, typical of "southern" architecture (South Africa, Miami), but completely warm. And at the junction of the wall with the balconies there are thermal inserts. Such a structure is about three times warmer than a wall made of glued laminated timber. In case of a complete loss of heat supply, the house has several fireplaces (basement - sauna fireplace, 1st floor - fireplace in the living room, real Russian stove in the kitchen, barbecue fireplace on the terrace, 2nd floor - fireplace in the bedroom). The stove together with the fireplaces allows you to heat the house with wood in the absence of gas, and calculations show that this option is sufficient. No electricity - only fire. Vadim Martynov: - Of particular interest in the project is the articulation of materials and units. For example, we found ready-made German units to organize the thermal insert. They are a block of insulation enclosed in a rigid frame, from which reinforcement is released on both sides, and a concrete console is placed on it.
Ekaterina Gatilova:— Energy efficiency is also evident in the windows — they are filled with argon films that do not allow sunlight to penetrate. That is, when it is hot outside, the house does not consume excess heat, and when it is cold, it does not give off. And to make the house look beautiful, the window frames are equipped with a partially hidden insert. That is, when looking from the living room, it seems that the outer wall goes inside and the glass is not visible. A complete sense of a single space.
Materials used:
- clinker brick Petersen Columba, sorting K43 (cladding);
- a warm ceramic block Porotherm 38 (reliable and durable, energy-efficient material, coefficient of thermal conductivity 0.201);
- granular foam glass Baugran (materialIt is chosen because of ecological compatibility, practically eternal service life, fire safety, high coefficient of thermal conductivity - 0,043. Unique knots for filling foam glass into the grooves in the wall have been developed);
- Isoplaat vapor barrier boards;
- waterproofing additive in concrete "Penetron-admix";
- aluminum windows Schueco AWS 112 IC (firsta system that meets the passive house standards. Uf coefficient 0.8 W/(m2 K), passive house certificate, stylish design with minimal sash thickness);
- Jordanhl brackets for fixing clinker;
- a heater "Penoplex 35" (facing of reinforced concrete columns).
So far, all such technologies (this also applies tobuilding structures and engineering equipment) are quite expensive, and using them at the current cost of energy in the Russian Federation is not very profitable. In the future, with the current trend towards increasing utility bills, such a system will pay for itself in full. You can read about the remodeling of a country house, as a result of which an ordinary wooden building turned into a stylish and modern dacha, at . Related articles
